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        Core-collapse supernova explosions triggered by a quark-hadron phase transition during the early post-bounce phase

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        Author
        Fischer, T.
        Sagert, I.
        Pagliara, G.
        Hempel, M.
        Schaffner-Bielich, J.
        Rauscher, T.
        Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl
        Kaeppeli, R.
        Martinez-Pinedo, G.
        Liebendoerfer, M.
        Attention
        2299/10516
        Abstract
        We explore explosions of massive stars, which are triggered via the quark-hadron phase transition during the early post-bounce phase of core-collapse supernovae. We construct a quark equation of state, based on the bag model for strange quark matter. The transition between the hadronic and the quark phases is constructed applying Gibbs conditions. The resulting quark-hadron hybrid equations of state are used in core-collapse supernova simulations, based on general relativistic radiation hydrodynamics and three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport in spherical symmetry. The formation of a mixed phase reduces the adiabatic index, which induces the gravitational collapse of the central protoneutron star (PNS). The collapse halts in the pure quark phase, where the adiabatic index increases. A strong accretion shock forms, which propagates toward the PNS surface. Due to the density decrease of several orders of magnitude, the accretion shock turns into a dynamic shock with matter outflow. This moment defines the onset of the explosion in supernova models that allow for a quark-hadron phase transition, where otherwise no explosions could be obtained. The shock propagation across the neutrinospheres releases a burst of neutrinos. This serves as a strong observable identification for the structural reconfiguration of the stellar core. The ejected matter expands on a short timescale and remains neutron-rich. These conditions might be suitable for the production of heavy elements via the r-process. The neutron-rich material is followed by proton-rich neutrino-driven ejecta in the later cooling phase of the PNS where the vp-process might occur.
        Publication date
        2011-06
        Published in
        Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
        Published version
        https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/194/2/39
        Other links
        http://hdl.handle.net/2299/10516
        Relations
        School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics
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