Computational analysis of a car chassis frame under a frontal collision

Abstract

This paper aims at studying the frontal collision of a car frame using non-linear FEA (Finite Element Analysis). Three frontal crash situations are evaluated: a full frontal impact against a rigid barrier and two frontal impacts with 40% overlap against an ODB (Offset Deformable Barrier). These three simulations are intended to mimic the FMVSS no.208, the 96/79/EC and the EURONCAP tests. The model of the chassis used in the simulations – a Ford F150 - is based on one that has previously been published in another paper. However, in that paper, the simulation only considers a static load on the bumper (a pressure) and the conclusions do not reflect what would happen during a real impact with dynamic loads. Several results are presented and discussed: the dissipated energy during the impact, the acceleration time history and the HIC (Head Injury Criterion) are evaluated from the set of results so obtained. Furthermore, different test situations and initial conditions have been applied, aiming at better understanding the frame’s response in a real impact situation.