Who waits longest for a kidney? : Inequalities in access to kidney transplantation among Black and Asian Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups in the UK

Abstract

Black and Asian Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups are over-represented on active kidney transplantation waiting lists and have relatively long waiting times. This inequality arises from a particularly high need for kidney transplantation combined with a low rate of deceased donation among BAME groups which limits the availability of a well-matched graft. This paper outlines the major barriers to both registration as a potential donor and family consent to donation. It then describes initiatives to increase donation and transplantation in terms of system changes, organisational changes and community interventions, and considers requirements for effective strategies.