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        Astrochemical Properties of Planck Cold Clumps

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        Author
        Tatematsu, Ken'ichi
        Liu, Tie
        Ohashi, Satoshi
        Sanhueza, Patricio
        Nguyen-Luong, Quang
        Hirota, Tomoya
        Liu, Sheng-Yuan
        Hirano, Naomi
        Choi, Minho
        Kang, Miju
        Thompson, Mark
        Fuller, Garry
        Wu, Yuefang
        Francesco, James Di
        Kim, Kee-Tae
        Wang, Ke
        Ristorcelli, Isabelle
        Juvela, Mika
        Shinnaga, Hiroko
        Cunningham, Maria R.
        Saito, Masao
        Lee, Jeong-Eun
        Toth, L. Viktor
        He, Jinhua
        Sakai, Takeshi
        Kim, Jungha
        collaboration, JCMT Large Program "SCOPE"
        collaboration, TRAO Key Science Program "TOP"
        Attention
        2299/18276
        Abstract
        We observed thirteen Planck cold clumps with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope/SCUBA-2 and with the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope. The N$_2$H$^+$ distribution obtained with the Nobeyama telescope is quite similar to SCUBA-2 dust distribution. The 82 GHz HC$_3$N, 82 GHz CCS, and 94 GHz CCS emission are often distributed differently with respect to the N$_2$H$^+$ emission. The CCS emission, which is known to be abundant in starless molecular cloud cores, is often very clumpy in the observed targets. We made deep single-pointing observations in DNC, HN$^{13}$C, N$_2$D$^+$, cyclic-C$_3$H$_2$ toward nine clumps. The detection rate of N$_2$D$^+$ is 50\%. Furthermore, we observed the NH$_3$ emission toward 15 Planck cold clumps to estimate the kinetic temperature, and confirmed that most of targets are cold ($\lesssim$ 20 K). In two of the starless clumps observe, the CCS emission is distributed as it surrounds the N$_2$H$^+$ core (chemically evolved gas), which resembles the case of L1544, a prestellar core showing collapse. In addition, we detected both DNC and N$_2$D$^+$. These two clumps are most likely on the verge of star formation. We introduce the Chemical Evolution Factor (CEF) for starless cores to describe the chemical evolutionary stage, and analyze the observed Planck cold clumps.
        Publication date
        2017-03-01
        Published in
        Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
        Published version
        https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/228/2/12
        Other links
        http://hdl.handle.net/2299/18276
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