The Subdwarf B + White Dwarf Binary KPD 1930+2752, a Supernova Type Ia Progenitor Candidate

Abstract

The nature of the progenitors of type Ia supernovae is still under controversial debate. KPD 1930+2752 is one of the best SN Ia progenitor can- didates known today. The object is a double degenerate system consisting of a subluminous B (sdB) star and a massive white dwarf. Maxted, Marsh, & North (2000) conclude that the system mass exceeds the Chandrasekhar mass. This conclusion rests on the assumption that the sdB mass is 0.5M⊙. However, recent binary population synthesis calculations suggest that the mass of an sdB star may range from 0.3M⊙ to more than 0.7M⊙. It is therefore important to mea- sure the mass of the sdB star simultaneously with that of the white dwarf. Since the rotation of the sdB star is tidally locked to the orbit the inclination of the system can be constrained. An analysis of the ellipsoidal variations in the light curve allows to tighten the constraints derived from spectroscopy. We derive the mass–radius relation for the sdB star from a quantitative spectral analysis. The projected rotational velocity is determined for the first time from high-resolution spectra. In addition a reanalysis of the published light curve is performed. The atmospheric and orbital parameters are measured with unprecedented accuracy. In particular the projected rotational velocity vrot sin i = 92.3 ± 1.5 kms−1 is determined. The mass of the sdB is limited between 0.45 M⊙ and 0.52 M⊙. The total mass of the system ranges from 1.36 M⊙ to 1.48 M⊙ and hence is likely to exceed the Chandrasekhar mass. So KPD 1930 + 2752 qualifies as an excellent double degenerate supernova Ia progenitor candidate.