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dc.contributor.authorLewis, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorKnight, Jason
dc.contributor.authorHaritos, George
dc.contributor.authorBeazley, Benjamin
dc.contributor.authorFels, Simon
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-31T14:45:01Z
dc.date.available2021-08-31T14:45:01Z
dc.date.issued2021-08-27
dc.identifier.citationLewis , A , Knight , J , Haritos , G , Beazley , B & Fels , S 2021 , ' Fluid–Structure Interaction of Symmetrical and Cambered Spring-Mounted Wings Using Various Spring Preloads and Pivot Point Locations ' , Applied Mechanics , vol. 2 , no. 3 , 2030034 , pp. 591-612 . https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech2030034
dc.identifier.issn2673-3161
dc.identifier.otherJisc: 0f6181c9cb52430ab758bebdab68b6be
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2299/25021
dc.description© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.description.abstractThe fluid–structure interaction of a pivoting rigid wing connected to a spring and subjected to freestream airflow in a wind tunnel is presented. Fluid–structure interactions can, on the one hand, lead to undesirable aerodynamic behaviour or, in extreme cases, to structural failure. On the other hand, improved aerodynamic performance can be achieved if a controlled application within certain limitations is provided. One application is the reduction of drag of road vehicles at higher speeds on a straight, while maintaining downforce at lower speeds during cornering. Conversely, another application concerns increased downforce at higher windspeeds, enhancing vehicle stability. In our wind tunnel experiments, the angle of incidence of the spring-mounted wing is either increased or decreased depending on the pivot point location and spring torque. Starting from a specified initial angle, the aerodynamic forces overcome a pre-set spring preload at incrementally increased freestream velocity. Reynolds numbers at a range of Re = 3 × 104 up to Re = 1.37 × 105 are considered. The application of a symmetrical NACA 0012 and a cambered NACA 6412 airfoil are tested in the wind tunnel and compared. For both airfoils mounted ahead of the aerodynamic centre, stable results were achieved for angles above 15 and below 12 degrees for the symmetrical airfoil, and above 25 and between 10 and −2 degrees for the cambered airfoil. Unsteady motions were observed around the stall region for both airfoils with all spring torque settings and also below −2 degrees for the cambered airfoil. Stable results were also found outside of the stall region when both airfoils were mounted behind the aerodynamic centre, although the velocity ranges were much smaller and highly dependent on the pivot point location. An analysis is reported concerning how changing the spring torque settings at each pivot point location effects performance. The differences in performance between the symmetrical and cambered profiles are then presented. Finally, an evaluation of the systems’ effects was conducted with conclusions, future improvements, and potential applications.en
dc.format.extent22
dc.format.extent4739014
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofApplied Mechanics
dc.subjectfluid–structure interaction
dc.subjectaeroelasticity
dc.subjectNACA 0012
dc.subjectNACA 6412
dc.subjectdrag reduction
dc.subjectaerodynamic optimisation
dc.subjectstability
dc.subjectEngineering(all)
dc.titleFluid–Structure Interaction of Symmetrical and Cambered Spring-Mounted Wings Using Various Spring Preloads and Pivot Point Locationsen
dc.contributor.institutionECS Engineering and Technology VLs
dc.contributor.institutionSchool of Physics, Engineering & Computer Science
dc.contributor.institutionMaterials and Structures
dc.contributor.institutionCentre for Engineering Research
dc.contributor.institutionDepartment of Engineering and Technology
dc.description.statusPeer reviewed
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.3390/applmech2030034
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Review
herts.preservation.rarelyaccessedtrue


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