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        An 8.56 keV Absorption Line in the Hyperluminous X-Ray Source in NGC 4045: Ultrafast Outflow or Cyclotron Line?

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        Author
        Brightman, Murray
        Kosec, Peter
        Fürst, Felix
        Earnshaw, Hannah
        Heida, Marianne
        Middleton, Matthew J
        Stern, Daniel
        Walton, Dominic J
        Attention
        2299/25497
        Abstract
        We report on the discovery of an absorption line at E=8.56−0.11+0.05 keV detected with a significance of >3.3σ in the NuSTAR and XMM-Newton spectra of a newly discovered hyperluminous X-ray source (L X > 1041 erg s−1) in the galaxy NGC 4045 at a distance of 32 Mpc. The source was first discovered serendipitously in a Swift/XRT observation of the galaxy, and Swift monitoring reveals a highly variable source changing by over an order of magnitude from maximum to minimum. The origin of the absorption line appears likely to be from highly ionized iron with a blueshift of 0.19c, indicating an ultrafast outflow. However, the large equivalent width of the line ( EW=−0.22−0.09+0.08 keV) paired with the lack of other absorption lines detected is difficult to reconcile with models. An alternative explanation is that the line is due to a cyclotron resonance scattering feature produced by the interaction of X-ray photons with the powerful magnetic field of a neutron star.
        Publication date
        2022-04-21
        Published in
        The Astrophysical Journal
        Published version
        https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac5e37
        License
        http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
        Other links
        http://hdl.handle.net/2299/25497
        Relations
        School of Physics, Engineering & Computer Science
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