dc.contributor.author | Corkery, John | |
dc.contributor.author | Martinotti, Giovanni | |
dc.contributor.author | Schifano, Fabrizio | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-09-13T15:45:02Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-09-13T15:45:02Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-08-30 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Corkery , J , Martinotti , G & Schifano , F 2022 , ' Contribution of drugs to drownings in Scotland, 1996-2020 ' , Current Neuropharmacology , vol. 21 , no. 11 , pp. 2217-2226 . https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X20666220830110758 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1570-159X | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0002-3849-817X/work/143863553 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2299/25765 | |
dc.description | © Bentham Science Publishers. This is the accepted manuscript version of an article which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X20666220830110758 | |
dc.description.abstract | Objective Psychoactive substances use (including alcohol) can affect risk perception, leading to accidents and deaths. There is little detailed or up-to-date information on the role of drugs in United Kingdom (UK) drownings. This Scottish case-study aimed to fill this knowledge-gap. Methods Anonymised data for individual drug-poisoning related drownings registered in 1996-2020 were provided by the National Records of Scotland. Statistical analyses were undertaken for socio-demographics, ICD coding, cause of death, substances implicated. Results Death registrations rose from 7 in 2017 to over 20 in 2019-20. These deaths (n=160) accounted for <1% of all drug-related poisoning deaths; this proportion rose to record levels (c.1.5%) in 2019-20. Most deaths (69%) involved males. Mean age was 39.8 (range 16-81, SD 15.0) years. Main drug classes implicated were: opiates/opioids (41%); benzodiazepines (31%); stimulants (19%); antidepressants (14%); 57% of benzodiazepines were ‘designer’ drugs. Conclusions Scottish drownings associated with drug consumption are increasing. Central nervous system depressant drugs (e.g., opioids, benzodiazepines, alcohol) are often involved. ‘Designer’ benzodiazepines are a principal factor in increasing Scottish drug-related poisoning deaths; they may be partially responsible for increasing numbers of related drownings. Evidence-based strategies to further reduce the number of preventable drownings should include reference to the dangers of drugs. | en |
dc.format.extent | 449431 | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.relation.ispartof | Current Neuropharmacology | |
dc.subject | Drowning | |
dc.subject | Scotland | |
dc.subject | drug-related | |
dc.subject | intoxication | |
dc.subject | Fatal | |
dc.title | Contribution of drugs to drownings in Scotland, 1996-2020 | en |
dc.contributor.institution | Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science | |
dc.contributor.institution | Centre for Health Services and Clinical Research | |
dc.contributor.institution | Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Unit | |
dc.contributor.institution | School of Life and Medical Sciences | |
dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | |
dc.date.embargoedUntil | 2023-08-30 | |
rioxxterms.versionofrecord | 10.2174/1570159X20666220830110758 | |
rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | |
herts.preservation.rarelyaccessed | true | |