A Qualitative Exploration of the Experience of Bereavement Amongst Gujaratis in the South Asian Community

Abstract

Background: Research indicates that bereavement care for specific ethnic groups is inadequately addressed, largely due to a lack of awareness and knowledge of individuals' personal faith and culture. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the urgent need for improved attention to bereavement. This study explores the Gujarati population's bereavement experiences in the United Kingdom (UK), an area with limited existing research. By gaining insights into their diverse experiences, we can evaluate existing bereavement models and assess their applicability, ultimately aiming to enhance support for this community. Methodology: A qualitative research design was selected, guided by a Critical Realist (CR) epistemological stance. Consultation was integral to the process throughout the study's development and interpretation of findings. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling through community organisations. Twenty Gujarati individuals shared their bereavement experiences in oneon-one interviews. These interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis (TA) to identify common and differing themes, thereby deepening our understanding of their experiences. Findings: From the data, five primary themes and twenty sub-themes emerged. The main themes encompassed: understanding bereavement and its process, the aftermath, coping with grief, the cultural influence on grieving, and support during bereavement. While participants generally followed a similar mourning process known as Besvanu, their experiences of processing and understanding bereavement varied. Different coping strategies were identified, with some being helpful and others unhelpful. The interplay between culture and religion was evident, and cultural nuances significantly impacted individual bereavement experiences. Generational differences in views and values were noted among participants, potentially due to acculturation. Many individuals were unaware of available bereavement support and had not sought it due to societal stigma. Existing models showed some applicability but were limited as they did not fully account for cultural nuances and religious beliefs. Implications: The Gujarati population may struggle to know of available bereavement support services, highlighting the need for better promotion to enhance accessibility. Bereavement and mental health services gaining better understanding of cultural nuances and religious beliefs, would allow them to support individuals from Gujarati backgrounds more effectively. This includes recognising that traditional bereavement models may have limited applicability for this community.