An extremely luminous panchromatic outburst from the nucleus of a distant galaxy

Levan, Andrew; Tanvir, Nial; Cenko, S.B.; Perley, D.A.; Wiersema, K.; Bloom, J.S.; Fruchter, A.S.; Postigo, A.; O'Brien, O.T.; Butler, N.R.; van der Horst, A.J.; Leloudas, G.; Morgan, A.N.; Misra, K.; Bower, G.C.; Farihi, J.; Tunnicliffe, R.L.; Modjaz, M.; Silverman, J.M.; Hjorth, J.; Thone, C.C.; Cucchiara, A.; Ceron, J.M.C.; Castro-Tirado, A.J.; Arnold, J.A.; Bremer, M.; Brodie, J.P.; Carroll, T.; Cooper, M.C.; Curran, P.; Cutri, R.M.; Ehle, J.; Forbes, D.; Fynbo, J.; Gorosabel, J.; Graham, J.; Hoffman, D.I.; Guziy, S.; Jakobsson, Pall; Kamble, A.P.; Kerr, T.H.; Kasliwal, M.M.; Kouveliotou, C.; Kocevski, D.; Law, N.M.; Nugent, P.; Ofek, E.O.; Poznanski, D.; Quimby, R.M.; Rol, E.; Romanowsky, A.J.; Sanchez-Ramirez, R.; Schulze, S.; Singh, N.; Van Spaandonk, Lieke; Starling, R.L.; Strom, R.G.; Tello, J.C.; Vaduvescu, O.; Wheatley, P.J.; Wijers, R.A.M.J.; Winters, J.M.; Xu, D.

View/Open

Final Accepted Version (PDF, 3Mb)

Author

Levan, Andrew

Tanvir, Nial

Cenko, S.B.

Perley, D.A.

Wiersema, K.

Bloom, J.S.

Fruchter, A.S.

Postigo, A.

O'Brien, O.T.

Butler, N.R.

van der Horst, A.J.

Leloudas, G.

Morgan, A.N.

Misra, K.

Bower, G.C.

Farihi, J.

Tunnicliffe, R.L.

Modjaz, M.

Silverman, J.M.

Hjorth, J.

Thone, C.C.

Cucchiara, A.

Ceron, J.M.C.

Castro-Tirado, A.J.

Arnold, J.A.

Bremer, M.

Brodie, J.P.

Carroll, T.

Cooper, M.C.

Curran, P.

Cutri, R.M.

Ehle, J.

Forbes, D.

Fynbo, J.

Gorosabel, J.

Graham, J.

Hoffman, D.I.

Guziy, S.

Jakobsson, Pall

Kamble, A.P.

Kerr, T.H.

Kasliwal, M.M.

Kouveliotou, C.

Kocevski, D.

Law, N.M.

Nugent, P.

Ofek, E.O.

Poznanski, D.

Quimby, R.M.

Rol, E.

Romanowsky, A.J.

Sanchez-Ramirez, R.

Schulze, S.

Singh, N.

Van Spaandonk, Lieke

Starling, R.L.

Strom, R.G.

Tello, J.C.

Vaduvescu, O.

Wheatley, P.J.

Wijers, R.A.M.J.

Winters, J.M.

Xu, D.

Abstract

Variable x-ray and gamma-ray emission is characteristic of the most extreme physical processes in the universe. We present multiwavelength observations of a unique gamma-ray-selected transient detected by the Swift satellite, accompanied by bright emission across the electromagnetic spectrum, and whose properties are unlike any previously observed source. We pinpoint the event to the center of a small, star-forming galaxy at redshift z = 0.3534. Its high-energy emission has lasted much longer than any gamma-ray burst, whereas its peak luminosity was similar to 100 times higher than bright active galactic nuclei. The association of the outburst with the center of its host galaxy suggests that this phenomenon has its origin in a rare mechanism involving the massive black hole in the nucleus of that galaxy.