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        The ATLAS(3D) project - IV. The molecular gas content of early-type galaxies

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        Author
        Young, Lisa M.
        Bureau, Martin
        Davis, Timothy A.
        Combes, Francoise
        McDermid, Richard M.
        Alatalo, Katherine
        Blitz, Leo
        Bois, Maxime
        Bournaud, Frederic
        Cappellari, Michele
        Davies, Roger L.
        de Zeeuw, P. T.
        Emsellem, Eric
        Khochfar, Sadegh
        Krajnovic, Davor
        Kuntschner, Harald
        Lablanche, Pierre-Yves
        Morganti, Raffaella
        Naab, Thorsten
        Oosterloo, Tom
        Sarzi, Marc
        Scott, Nicholas
        Serra, Paolo
        Weijmans, Anne-Marie
        Attention
        2299/6465
        Abstract
        We have carried out a survey for CO J = 1-0 and J = 2-1 emission in the 260 early-type galaxies of the volume-limited ATLAS(3D) sample, with the goal of connecting their star formation and assembly histories to their cold gas content. This is the largest volume-limited CO survey of its kind and is the first to include many Virgo cluster members. Sample members are dynamically hot galaxies with a median stellar mass similar to 3 x 10(10) M-circle dot; they are selected by their morphology rather than colour, and the bulk of them lie on the red sequence. The overall CO detection rate is 56/259 = 0.22 +/- 0.03, with no dependence on the K luminosity and only a modest dependence on the dynamical mass. There are a dozen CO detections among the Virgo cluster members; statistical analysis of their H-2 mass distributions and their dynamical status within the cluster shows that the cluster's influence on their molecular masses is subtle at best, even though (unlike spirals) they seem to be virialized within the cluster. We suggest that the cluster members have retained their molecular gas through several Gyr residences in the cluster. There are also a few extremely CO-rich early-type galaxies with H2 masses greater than or similar to 10(9) M-circle dot and these are in low-density environments. We do find a significant trend between the molecular content and stellar specific angular momentum. The galaxies of low angular momentum also have low CO detection rates, suggesting that their formation processes were more effective at destroying the molecular gas or preventing its re-accretion. We speculate on the implications of these data for the formation of various subclasses of early-type galaxies.
        Publication date
        2011-06
        Published in
        Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
        Published version
        https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18561.x
        Other links
        http://hdl.handle.net/2299/6465
        Relations
        School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics
        Metadata
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