Experimental Investigation on the Application of Cold-mist Direct Evaporative Cooling in Data Centers

Mao, Ruiyong, Wu, Hongwei, Li, Chao, Zhang, Zujing, Liang, Xing, Zhou, Jiri and Chen, Jing (2024) Experimental Investigation on the Application of Cold-mist Direct Evaporative Cooling in Data Centers. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 208: 109500. ISSN 1290-0729
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The rapid development of the internet era has driven the construction of numerous data centers worldwide. In hot climate, data centers consume significant energy for cooling. Cold-mist direct evaporative cooling offers a natural cooling solution that can help reduce this energy consumption. This study investigates the temperature and relative humidity changes of natural high-temperature air after being cooled using a cold-mist direct evaporative cooling test bench. The effects of several control factors such as spray angle, spray flow rate, and air speed on the cold-mist direct evaporative cooling performance was systematically examined. The findings revealed that: (1) the optimal spray angle for cold-mist direct evaporative cooling treatment air is 65°; (2) high-temperature air between 27 °C and 37 °C can be cooled to 23.57 °C – 25.58 °C after cold-mist direct evaporative cooling treatment, with relative humidity levels of 67.0 % – 78.8 %, meeting the air supply requirements for data centers; (3) the proposed approach could reduce the data center energy consumption by 14 % – 41 %, while extending the annual natural cooling period by 3.16 % – 20.45 %.

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