Report: Optimising Antimicrobial Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic in UK Acute Care Settings (2020-2024) – Insights from Three Sequential Studies

This report presents findings from a comprehensive research project conducted in UK acute care settings, encompassing three sequential investigations. These studies included a systematic review of key antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) strategies, an analysis of patient records to observe shifts in antibiotic prescribing patterns, and a survey of healthcare professionals. The results highlighted the critical role of multidisciplinary teams in AMS (93%), an increase in inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, and significant disruptions in AMS activities during the pandemic. These findings underscore the urgent need for resilient and strategic AMS adaptations to optimise antimicrobial use, combat antimicrobial resistance, and enhance patient care and quality of life. Additionally, this research proposed practical tools for effective AMS implementation, such as the AMS framework or roadmap for implementation at both patient and organisational levels, an AMS dynamic dashboard, AMS cards, and an AMS educational programme. These tools aim to improve antibiotic prescribing and stewardship, integrate seamlessly with various systems, and offer practical solutions to antimicrobial resistance, ultimately safeguarding public health and saving patient lives. By advancing AMS practices, this project contributes to the global effort to optimise antibiotic use and improve healthcare outcomes.