Impacts of Scene Geometry and Vehicle Speed on the Performance of RFID based AVI/ETC System

Passive UHF Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a potential technology for Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) and Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) systems. However, the identification performance is often seriously influenced by the RF radiation zone and anti-collision protocol simultaneously. The impacts of scene geometry and vehicle speed on the identification rate are analyzed and modeled for a typical AVI/ETC application scenario. A calculation method of identification zone is firstly proposed based on the ray-tracing theory. Then the communication procedure is divided into three processes, which are also modeled using individual probability methods. Numerical simulations show that there are strong influences on the tag identification rate caused by the tag speed and antenna inclination angles, and we can obtain a higher identification rate through optimizing them.