- UHRA Home
- Browsing by Author
Browsing by Author "Toxicology"
Now showing items 21-40 of 117
-
Design, synthesis and characterization of linear unnatural amino acids for skin moisturization
Arezki, N R; Williams, A C; Cobb, A J A; Brown, Marc (2017-02-01)OBJECTIVES: This work aimed to design, synthesize and characterize replacement natural moisturizing factor (NMF) composed of modified hygroscopic linear amino acids to pre-empt or repair skin barrier dysfunction. METHODS: ... -
Development of a cumulative irritation model for incontinence-associated dermatitis
Larner, J.; Matar, H.; Goldman, V. S.; Chilcott, Robert (2015-01-01)Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is a painful yet preventable form of cumulative skin irritation prevalent amongst those with limited movement. Consequently, it has a significant impact on the quality of life for ... -
Development of haemostatic decontaminants for the treatment of wounds contaminated with chemical warfare agents. 1 : Evaluation of in vitro clotting efficacy in the presence of certain contaminants
Hall, Charlotte A.; Lydon, Helen L.; Dalton, Christopher H.; Chipman, J. Kevin; Graham, John S.; Chilcott, Robert (2015-05-01)The treatment of penetrating, haemorrhaging injuries sustained within a hazardous environment may be complicated by contamination with toxic chemicals. There are currently no specific medical countermeasures for such ... -
Development of haemostatic decontaminants for the treatment of wounds contaminated with chemical warfare agents. 2 : Evaluation of in vitro topical decontamination efficacy using undamaged skin
Dalton, Christopher H.; Hall, Charlotte A.; Lydon, Helen L.; Chipman, J. Kevin; Graham, John S.; Jenner, John; Chilcott, Robert (2015-05-23)The risk of penetrating, traumatic injury occurring in a chemically contaminated environment cannot be discounted. Should a traumatic injury be contaminated with a chemical warfare (CW) agent, it is likely that standard ... -
Development of haemostatic decontaminants for treatment of wounds contaminated with chemical warfare agents. 3: Evaluation of in vitro topical decontamination efficacy using damaged skin
Lydon, Helen L.; Hall, Charlotte A.; Dalton, Christopher H.; Chipman, J. Kevin; Graham, John S.; Chilcott, Robert (2017-06-13)Previous studies have demonstrated that haemostatic products with an absorptive mechanism of action retain their clotting efficiency in the presence of toxic materials and are effective in decontaminating chemical warfare ... -
Diffusion through the ex vivo vitreal body - bovine, porcine, and ovine models are poor surrogates for the human vitreous
Shafaie, Sara; Hutter, Victoria; Brown, Marc; Cook, Michael; Chau, David (2018-10-25)The human vitreous humour is a complex gel structure whose composition and physical properties can vary considerably from person to person and also change with age. To date, the viscoelastic properties of the human vitreous ... -
Discriminating the molecular identity and function of discrete supramolecular structures in topical pharmaceutical formulations
Benaouda, F.; Brown, Marc; Ganguly, S.; Jones, S.A.; Martin, G.P. (2012-09-04)There is a need to understand how solvent structuring influences drug presentation in pharmaceutical preparations, and the aim of this study was to characterize the properties of propylene glycol (PG)/water supramolecular ... -
Dynamic in-situ eutectic formation for topical drug delivery
Fiala, Sarah; Brown, Marc; Jones, Stuart A. (2011-11)Objectives: The relationship between the solution-state chemistry of eutectic systems and their transmembrane transport characteristics is difficult to define as these mixtures are sensitive to delivery vehicle-induced ... -
Effect of a novel penetration enhancer on the ungual permeation of two antifungal agents
Traynor, M.J.; Turner, R. B.; Evans, C.R.G.; Khengar, R. H.; Jones, S. A.; Brown, Marc (2010-06)Objectives The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of a novel permeation enhancer system using two existing marketed nail lacquers and the delivery of terbinafine through human nail samples in vitro. Methods ... -
Effect of a novel penetration enhancer system on the ungual permeation of antifungal agents
Griffith, H. M. T.; Traynor, M.J.; Turner, R. B.; Evans, C. R. G.; Khengar, R. H.; Jones, S. A.; Brown, Marc (2010-06) -
The effect of disulphide bond disruption on the barrier integrity of the human nail
Baraldi, A.; Khengar, R.H.; Murdan, S.; Traynor, M.J.; Jones, S.A.; Brown, Marc (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014-04-14)Onychomycosis is the fungal infection of the nail and accounts for approximately 50% of all nail disorders [1]. The prevalence of onychomycosis is increasing and currently up to 10 % of people in the UK and US are reported ... -
Effect of ethnicity, gender and age on the amount and composition of residual skin surface components derived from sebum, sweat and epidermal lipids
Shetage, Satyajit; Traynor, M.J.; Brown, Marc; Raji, Mahad; Graham-Kalio, Diepiriyie; Chilcott, Robert (2014-02)Background/purpose: The superficial layer on the skin surface, known as the acid mantle, comprises a mixture of sebum, sweat, corneocyte debris and constituents of natural moisturizing factor. Thus, the phrase 'residual ... -
Efficacy of Different Hair and Skin Decontamination Strategies with Identification of Associated Hazards to First Responders
Larner, Joanne; Durrant, Adam; Hughes, Philip; Mahalingam, Devanya; Rivers, Samantha; Matar, Hazem; Thomas, Elliot; Barrett, Mark; Tavares Pinhal, Andreia; Amer, Nevine; Hall, Charlotte; Jackson, Toni; Catalani, Valeria; Chilcott, Robert (2019-07-19)Background: Established procedures for mass casualty decontamination involve the deployment of equipment for showering with water (such as the ladder pipe system [LPS] and technical decontamination [TD]). This necessarily ... -
Efficacy, tolerability and consumer acceptability of terbinafine topical spray versus terbinafine topical solution : a phase IIa randomised, observer-blind, comparative study
Brown, Marc; Evans, Charles; Muddle, Andrew; Turner, Rob; Lim, Sian; Reid, Jessica; Traynor, M.J. (2013-10)Tinea pedis is one of the world's most prevalent dermatophyte infections. MedSprayTM tinea pedis 1 % w/w (topical spray) is a novel, easy to use propellant based spray formulation containing 1% w/w terbinafine, requiring ... -
The electrostability and electrically assisted delivery of an organophosphate pretreatment (physostigmine) across human skin in vitro
Rowland, C. A.; Chilcott, Robert (2000-08-10)Physostigmine is a tertiary carbamate that is utilised as a pretreatment against organophosphate intoxication. Oral delivery of physostigmine is not practical due to high first pass metabolism and short Elimination half ... -
Evaluation of a barrier cream against the chemical warfare agent VX using the domestic white pig
Chilcott, Robert; Dalton, C. H.; Hill, I.; Davison, C. M.; Blohm, K. L.; Clarkson, E. D.; Hamilton, M. G. (2005-07)The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel barrier cream formulation at reducing the percutaneous toxicity of a 2xLD(50) liquid challenge of nerve agent (VX). The study was conducted in vitro and in ... -
Evaluation of absorbent materials for use as ad hoc dry decontaminants during mass casualty incidents as part of the UK’s Initial Operational Response (IOR)
Chilcott, Robert; Kassouf, Nick; Syed, Sara; Larner, Joanne; Amlôt, Richard (2017-02-02)The UK's Initial Operational Response (IOR) is a revised process for the medical management of mass casualties potentially contaminated with hazardous materials. A critical element of the IOR is the introduction of immediate, ... -
Evaluation of barrier creams against sulphur mustard
Chilcott, Robert; Jenner, J.; Hotchkiss, S. A. M.; Rice, P. (2002)The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a range of passive and reactive barrier cream formulations against the chemical war-fare agent sulphur mustard (SM) using an in vitro diffusion cell system ... -
Evaluation of barrier creams against sulphur mustard: (II) in vivo and in vitro studies using the domestic white pig
Chilcott, Robert; Dalton, Christopher H.; Ashley, Zoe; Allen, Ceri E.; Bradley, Simon T.; Maidment, Michael P.; Jenner, John; Brown, Roger F. R.; Gwyther, Robert J.; Rice, Paul (2007)Previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that barrier creams, comprising perfluorinated polymers, are effective against the chemical warfare agent sulphur mustard (SM) when evaluated using human skin in vitro. ... -
An evaluation of the potential of linear and nonlinear skin permeation models for the prediction of experimentally measured percutaneous drug absorption
Brown, Marc; Lau, Chi-Hian; Lim, Sian T.; Sun, Yi; Davey, N.; Moss, Gary P.; Yoo, Seon-Hie; De Muynck, Christian (2012-04)Objectives: The developments in combinatorial chemistry have led to a rapid increase in drug design and discovery and, ultimately, the production of many potential molecules that require evaluation. Hence, there has been ...